Search results for "model [neutrino]"

showing 10 items of 1203 documents

Cell volume homeostatically controls the rDNA repeat copy number and rRNA synthesis rate in yeast

2021

[Abstract] The adjustment of transcription and translation rates to the changing needs of cells is of utmost importance for their fitness and survival. We have previously shown that the global transcription rate for RNA polymerase II in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated in relation to cell volume. Total mRNA concentration is constant with cell volume since global RNApol II-dependent nascent transcription rate (nTR) also keeps constant but mRNA stability increases with cell size. In this paper, we focus on the case of rRNA and RNA polymerase I. Contrarily to that found for RNA pol II, we detected that RNA polymerase I nTR increases proportionally to genome copies and cell s…

Cancer ResearchTranscription GeneticCellGene ExpressionRNA polymerase IIYeast and Fungal ModelsProtein SynthesisQH426-470HaploidyBiochemistryPolymerasesSirtuin 2Transcription (biology)RNA Polymerase IHomeostasisCell Cycle and Cell DivisionGenetics (clinical)Silent Information Regulator Proteins Saccharomyces cerevisiaebiologyTranscriptional ControlEukaryotaChemical SynthesisGenomicsCell biologyNucleic acidsmedicine.anatomical_structureExperimental Organism SystemsRibosomal RNARNA polymeraseCell ProcessesRNA Polymerase IIResearch ArticleCell biologyCellular structures and organellesSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsBiosynthetic TechniquesSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeResearch and Analysis MethodsDNA RibosomalSaccharomycesModel OrganismsCyclinsDNA-binding proteinsmedicineRNA polymerase IGeneticsGene RegulationNon-coding RNAMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsCell SizeMessenger RNACèl·lules eucariotesOrganismsFungiRNABiology and Life SciencesProteinsGenes rRNARibosomal RNAModels Theoreticalbiology.organism_classificationYeastGenòmicabiology.proteinAnimal StudiesRNARibosomes
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Circuit Specific Functions of Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor in the Balance of Investigatory Drive and Exploration

2011

Well balanced novelty seeking and exploration are fundamental behaviours for survival and are found to be dysfunctional in several psychiatric disorders. Recent studies suggest that the endocannabinoid (eCB) system is an important control system for investigatory drive. Pharmacological treatment of rodents with cannabinergic drugs results in altered social and object investigation. Interestingly, contradictory results have been obtained, depending on the treatment, drug concentration and experimental conditions. The cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor, a central component of the eCB system, is predominantly found at the synapses of two opposing neuronal populations, i.e. on inhibitory GABAerg…

Cannabinoid receptorMousemedicine.medical_treatmentScienceGlutamic AcidNeural HomeostasisMice TransgenicBiologyMedium spiny neuronSynaptic Transmissiongamma-Aminobutyric acidGlutamatergicBehavioral NeuroscienceMiceModel OrganismsReceptor Cannabinoid CB1medicineGeneticsAnimalsGABAergic NeuronsSocial BehaviorBiologygamma-Aminobutyric AcidPsychiatryNeuronsMultidisciplinaryBehavior AnimalMood DisordersQRAnimal ModelsNeurotransmittersEndocannabinoid systemMice Inbred C57BLMental Healthnervous systemDopamine receptorMaladjustmentExploratory BehaviorGABAergicMedicineCannabinoidNeuroscienceAnimal Geneticsmedicine.drugResearch ArticleNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Intellectual and Psychosocial Disability as Situations of Vulnerability

2021

La garantía de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad intelectual y psicosocial pone a prueba a la teoría de los derechos y al modelo social de la discapacidad. En el trabajo se mantiene que el análisis de la discapacidad desde la teoría de la opresión continúa siendo adecuado siempre que se recupere la importancia de la dimensión individual de la discapacidad y se incorpore la representación de la condición humana que deriva de una concepción contemporánea de los derechos y que a su vez es el resultado de la revisión del proyecto de la modernidad desde las teorías críticas. The guarantee of the rights of persons with intellectual and psychosocial disabilities challenges both, the th…

Capacidad humanamodelo social de la discapacidadDiscriminaciónDerechoderechos de las personas con discapacidad:CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS Y DERECHO [UNESCO]UNESCO::CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS Y DERECHOPolíticacapacidad humanarights of the persons with disabilitiesderechos humanos y vulnerabilidadPhilosophyhuman rigths and vulnerabilityDerechos de las personas con discapacidadDerechos humanos y vulnerabilidadModelo social de la discapacidaddiscriminaciónhuman capacityLawSociologíadiscriminationsocial model of disability
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Substituent effect of nitro group on aromaticity of carbazole rings

2014

The molecular geometries of carbazole and its 17 nitro derivatives were optimized at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory. The harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity and nucleus-independent chemical shift descriptors of π-electron delocalization were calculated to estimate the aromaticity of the carbazole five- and six-membered rings. The biggest changes in the value of both descriptors were observed for the pyrrole ring. The nitro group attached to 3 and/or 6 positions of the carbazole ring system exerts only a slight influence on the benzene ring aromaticity.

CarbazoleStereochemistryOrganic ChemistrySubstituentharmonic oscillator model of aromaticityAromaticityaromaticityRing (chemistry)Medicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular geometrynucleus-independent chemical shiftchemistryNitroBenzenenitrocarbazolessubstituent effectPyrroleChemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds
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Inducing Cold-Sensitivity in the Frigophilic Fly Drosophila montana by RNAi.

2016

Cold acclimation is a critical physiological adaptation for coping with seasonal cold. By increasing their cold tolerance individuals can remain active for longer at the onset of winter and can recover more quickly from a cold shock. In insects, despite many physiological studies, little is known about the genetic basis of cold acclimation. Recently, transcriptomic analyses in Drosophila virilis and D. montana revealed candidate genes for cold acclimation by identifying genes upregulated during exposure to cold. Here, we test the role of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (Inos), in cold tolerance in D. montana using an RNAi approach. D. montana has a circumpolar distribution and overwinters…

CartographyEvolutionary GeneticsArthropodaDeath RatesAcclimatizationGene ExpressionArtificial Gene Amplification and ExtensionInsect PhysiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsBiochemistryPolymerase Chain ReactionExtreme Cold WeatherRNA interferenceModel OrganismsPopulation MetricsGeneticsAnimalsAnimal PhysiologyMolecular Biology TechniquesMolecular BiologyDemographyInvertebrate PhysiologyEvolutionary BiologyLatitudePopulation BiologyGeographyGene Expression ProfilingDrosophila MelanogasterfungiOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesAnimal ModelsInvertebratesCold TemperatureNucleic acidsInsectsGene Expression RegulationGenetic interferencePeople and PlacesEarth SciencesRNADrosophilaFemaleMyo-Inositol-1-Phosphate SynthaseEpigeneticsZoologyEntomologyResearch ArticlePloS one
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Identification and characterisation of the dopamine receptor II from the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis (CfDopRII)

2006

International audience; G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a protein family with a wide range of functions. Approximately 30% of human drug targets are GPCRs, illustrating their pharmaceutical relevance. In contrast, the knowledge about invertebrate GPCRs is limited and is mainly restricted to model organisms like Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. Especially in ectoparasites like ticks and fleas, only few GPCRs are characterised. From the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis, a relevant parasite of cats and dogs, no GPCRs are known so far. Thus, we performed a bioinformatic analysis of available insect GPCR sequences from the honeybee Apis mellifera, the mosquito Anop…

Cat fleaAnopheles gambiaeMolecular Sequence Dataved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesBiochemistryCell LineReceptors DopamineAnimals Genetically ModifiedXenopus laevisAnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceCloning MolecularModel organismMolecular BiologyPhylogenyCaenorhabditis elegansCtenocephalides[INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]G protein-coupled receptorGeneticsbiologyved/biologyEcologyFelisComputational Biologybiology.organism_classificationDrosophila melanogasterMultigene FamilyInsect ScienceOocytesInsect ProteinsSiphonapteraFemaleRNA Interference[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]Drosophila melanogasterSequence Alignment[CHIM.CHEM]Chemical Sciences/Cheminformaticshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsInsect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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Assessing Chronological Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2012

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most studied model organisms for the identification of genes and mechanisms that affect aging. The chronological lifespan (CLS) assay, which monitors the survival of a non-dividing population, is one of the two methods to study aging in yeast. To eliminate potential artifacts and identify genes and signaling pathways that may also affect aging in higher eukaryotes, it is important to determine CLS by multiple methods. Here, we describe these methods as well as the assays to study macromolecular damage during aging in yeast, with a focus on genomic instability.

Cell NucleusGenome instabilityGeneticsMutation rateeducation.field_of_studyTime Factorsbiologyved/biologySaccharomyces cerevisiaeved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesPopulationFungal geneticsWaterSaccharomyces cerevisiaebiology.organism_classificationArticleGenomic InstabilityYeastCulture Mediayeast genetics aging chronological agingMutation RateDNA FungalModel organismeducationGene
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Streptomyces coelicolor Vesicles: Many Molecules To Be Delivered

2022

ABSTRACT Streptomyces coelicolor is a model organism for the study of Streptomyces, a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that undergoes a complex life cycle and produces a broad repertoire of bioactive metabolites and extracellular enzymes. This study investigated the production and characterization of membrane vesicles (MVs) in liquid cultures of S. coelicolor M145 from a structural and biochemical point of view; this was achieved by combining microscopic, physical and -omics analyses. Two main populations of MVs, with different sizes and cargos, were isolated and purified. S. coelicolor MV cargo was determined to be complex, containing different kinds of proteins and metabolites. In particul…

Cell signalingved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesStreptomyces coelicolormembrane vesiclesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyStreptomycesantibioticsproteomicsBacterial Proteinsproteomics.actinomycetesExtracellularModel organismEcologybiologyelectron microscopyved/biologyChemistryVesicleStreptomyces coelicolorProteinsExtracellular vesiclebiology.organism_classificationmetabolomicsStreptomycesAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiochemistryBiogenesisFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology
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Modeling Local Social Migrations: A Cellular Automata Approach

2015

In local social migrations, agents move from their initial location looking for a better local social environment. Social migrations processes do not change the number of social agents of a given type (i.e., the empirical distribution of the population) but their spatial location. Although cellular automata seems to appear as a natural approach to model of social migrations, the evolution of the configuration through a cellular automata might induce a new configuration wherein the number of agents of each type might be actually modified. This article provides a characterization of these cellular automata rules such that for any initial empirical distribution, the evolution of the configurat…

Cellular automataClass (set theory)education.field_of_studyTheoretical computer scienceProperty (philosophy)PopulationSocial environmentType (model theory)Nonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice GasesEmpirical distribution functionCellular automatonArtificial IntelligenceORGANIZACION DE EMPRESASNatural approacheducationAlgorithmSoftwareSocial migrationsInformation SystemsMathematics
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Neurons of the dentate molecular layer in the rabbit hippocampus.

2012

The molecular layer of the dentate gyrus appears as the main entrance gate for information into the hippocampus, i.e., where the perforant path axons from the entorhinal cortex synapse onto the spines and dendrites of granule cells. A few dispersed neuronal somata appear intermingled in between and probably control the flow of information in this area. In rabbits, the number of neurons in the molecular layer increases in the first week of postnatal life and then stabilizes to appear permanent and heterogeneous over the individuals' life span, including old animals. By means of Golgi impregnations, NADPH histochemistry, immunocytochemical stainings and intracellular labelings (lucifer yellow…

Central Nervous SystemAnatomy and PhysiologyCell Countchemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular Cell BiologyComparative AnatomyNeuronsMultidisciplinaryNeuronal MorphologyPyramidal CellsQRAnimal ModelsAnatomyElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureNissl BodiesNissl bodysymbolsMedicineFemaleRabbitsCellular TypesResearch Articlemedicine.drugHistologyScienceNeurophysiologyBiologygamma-Aminobutyric acidsymbols.namesakeModel OrganismsDevelopmental NeuroscienceBiocytinmedicineAnimalsBiologyCell ShapeLucifer yellowStaining and LabelingDentate gyrusPerforant pathEntorhinal cortexElectrophysiological PhenomenaNeuroanatomyElectrophysiologychemistrynervous systemCellular NeuroscienceDentate GyrusBiophysicsNeural Circuit FormationNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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